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Total results: 49

High Cognitive Load Assessment in Drivers Through Wireless Electroencephalography and the Validation of a Modified

Year: 2019

Authors: D He,B Donmez, CC Liu

This paper explores the influence of high cognitive load on vehicle driver's electroencephalography (EEG) signals collected from two channels (Fp1, Fp2) using a wireless consumer-grade system. Although EEG has been used in driving-related research to assess cognitive load, only a few studies focused on high load, and they used research-grade systems. Recent advancements allow for less intrusive and more affordable systems. As an exploration, we tested the feasibility of one such system to differentiate among three levels of cognitive taskload in a simulator study. Thirty-seven participants completed a baseline drive with no secondary task and two drives with a modified version of the n-back task (1-back and 2-back). The modification removed the verbal response required during task presentation to prevent EEG-signal degradation, with the 2-back task expected to impose higher load than that by the 1-back task. Another objective of this study is to validate that this modified task increased the cognitive load in the expected manner. The modified task led to significant trends from baseline to 1-back, and from 1-back to 2-back in participants' heart rate, galvanic skin response, respiration, horizontal gaze position variability, and pupil diameter, all in line with the previous driving-related studies on cognitive load. Furthermore, the EEG system was observed to be sensitive to the modified task, with the power of alpha band decreasing significantly with increasing n-back levels (baseline versus 1-back: 0.092 Bels on Fp1, 0.179 on Fp2; 1-back versus 2-back: 0.209 on Fp1, 0.147 on Fp2). Thus, a consumer-grade EEG system has the potential to capture high levels of cognitive load experienced by drivers.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Simulator

2 versions available

Civil Servants’ Cognitive Evaluation of Performance Appraisal Based on Computational Neuroscience

Year: 2018

Authors: Q Sun, X Xu, Q Han

This study explores civil servants’ cognitive evaluation of performance appraisal systems using computational neuroscience. Through the integration of cognitive processes and computational models, the research aims to understand how civil servants perceive and react to performance appraisals. This approach combines the behavioral data of civil servants with neuroscience techniques to provide deeper insights into their cognitive evaluation. The findings suggest that the application of computational neuroscience in performance appraisal can enhance the effectiveness and fairness of these systems. This interdisciplinary method offers a novel perspective on improving administrative efficiency and employee satisfaction in public sector organizations.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Software

2 versions available

Driver Cognitive Workload Detection via Eye-tracking and Physiological Modalities

Year: 2018

Authors: X Zhao

Driver Cognitive Workload Detection via Eye-tracking and Physiological Modalities aims to enhance safety by monitoring and assessing drivers' mental states. The dissertation by Xin Zhao, presented to the University of Toronto in 2018, explores advanced methods for detecting cognitive workload using eye-tracking and various physiological signals. This work contributes to the development of intelligent systems capable of real-time monitoring, ultimately aiming to reduce accidents related to driver inattention and cognitive overload.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Software

4 versions available

Effects of searching for street parking on driver behaviour, physiology, and visual attention allocation: An on-road study

Year: 2018

Authors: CT Ponnambalam

On-street parking is a major aspect of the urban street system, and entails important costs to drivers, in terms of time, inconvenience and energy to find a parking space. The efforts needed to park on-street can create frustrations and stress among drivers, which can contribute to unsafe driving behavior and ultimately affect road safety. Additionally, the search for available spaces creates disturbances to traffic, delays to other vehicles, and increased pollution due to extra fuel consumption. In this study, the effects of searching for on-street parking on driver behavior, physiology, and visual attention allocation were investigated using an on-road experimental approach. A total of 32 drivers participated in the study, during which their driving behavior, physiological responses, and visual attention were monitored while they searched for parking on urban streets in Toronto, Canada. Results indicated that searching for on-street parking led to significant changes in drivers' behavior, including reduced speeds and abrupt stops, as well as increases in physiological stress markers and visual attention diversion. Understanding these effects is crucial for urban traffic management and designing policies to mitigate the negative impacts associated with on-street parking search.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Software

3 versions available

Eye-tracking Technology and its Application in Chinese Teaching and Learning Research.

Year: 2018

Authors: L Shi

This study explores the effects of different types of social media on mental health. By analyzing data from 5,000 participants, the researchers found that excessive use of certain platforms can lead to increased levels of anxiety and depression, while moderated use can have positive effects on social well-being.

Eye Tracking Glasses
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1 version available:

Translating driving research from simulation to interstate driving with realistic traffic and passenger interactions

Year: 2018

Authors: JM Vettel,N Lauharatanahirun,N Wasylyshyn

In this driving study, participants were assigned to a driver-passenger dyad and performed two drives along Interstate-95 in normal traffic conditions. During the driving session, the driver had to safely navigate the route while listening and discussing news stories that were relayed by the passenger. The driver then performed a set of memory tasks to evaluate how well they retained information from the discussion in a multitask context. We report preliminary analyses that examined subjective factors which may influence success in social communication, including trait and state similarity derived from questionnaires as well as physiological synchrony from implicit state measurements derived from brain activity data. Although this dataset is still in collection, these initial findings suggest potential metrics that capture the contextual complexity in naturalistic, multitask environments, providing a rich opportunity to study how successful communication reflects shared social and emotional experiences.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Simulator

5 versions available

Aggregating physiological and eye tracking signals to predict perception in the absence of ground truth

Year: 2017

Authors: E Kasneci,T Kübler,K Broelemann

Today's driving assistance systems build on numerous sensors to provide assistance for specific tasks. In order to not patronize the driver, intensity and timing of critical responses by such systems is determined based on parameters derived from vehicle dynamics and scene recognition. However, to date, information on object perception by the driver is not considered by such systems. With advances in eye-tracking technology, a powerful tool to assess the driver's visual perception has become available, which, in many studies, has been integrated with physiological signals, i.e., galvanic skin response and EEG, for reliable prediction of object perception. We address the problem of aggregating binary signals from physiological sensors and eye tracking to predict a driver's visual perception of scene hazards. In the absence of ground truth, it is crucial to use an aggregation scheme that estimates the reliability of each signal source and thus reliably aggregates signals to predict whether an object has been perceived. To this end, we apply state-of-the-art methods for response aggregation on data obtained from simulated driving sessions with 30 subjects. Our results show that a probabilistic aggregation scheme on top of an Expectation-Maximization-based estimation of source reliabilities can predict hazard perception at a recall and precision of 96% in real-time.

Eye Tracking Glasses
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6 versions available

Analysis of a multimodal human-robot-interface in terms of mental workload

Year: 2017

Authors: M Schneider,B Deml

The trend away from highly automated processes using heavy industrial robots towards HRI-systems (human-robot-interaction) using light-weight robots, is leading to a strong increase concerning the technical complexity of future industrial work systems. This article reports the results of an experimental evaluation of a multimodal human-robot-interface. Two typical application scenarios from the robot programming were examined, each performed with three different modalities of control. The mental workload of the operators was operationalized by subjective, objective and physiological indicators. There were significant differences in mental workload between the different types of control in both application scenarios. The present results demonstrate the benefits of adaptive system design in human-robot-interaction.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Software

3 versions available

Assessing high cognitive load in drivers through electroencephalography

Year: 2017

Authors: D He, CC Liu, B Donmez

This paper explores the influence of high cognitive load on driver’s Electroencephalography (EEG) signals collected from four positions (TP9, Fp1, Fp2, TP10) along with other physiological signals, plus eye tracking, driving performance, and subjective measures. Although EEG has been used in driving research to assess mental workload, only a few studies focused on high cognitive load, but they utilized research-grade EEG systems. Recent advancements allow for less intrusive and more affordable systems to be incorporated into vehicles. We tested the feasibility of one such system to differentiate three incremental levels of cognitive taskload in a preliminary simulator study, which so far has been completed by 15 participants. Each participant completed a baseline drive with no secondary task and two drives with a modified version of the n-back task (1-back, 2-back). The modification removed the verbal response during auditory stimulus presentation to increase EEG signal quality, with the 2-back level still imposing higher cognitive demand than 1-back. The system tested was sensitive to taskload levels, with alpha band being sensitive among all difficulty levels; beta and gamma bands distinguishing 2-back level from the baseline and 1-back; and the delta band distinguishing baseline from the n-back levels. In line with previous studies, galvanic skin response and standard deviation of gaze position also showed significant stepwise trends from the baseline to 1-back and then to 2-back. Further research is needed to investigate the ability of consumer-grade EEG headbands to differentiate different driver states.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Simulator

3 versions available

Design of Filter-less Air Purifier by Using UI/UX Metrics

Year: 2017

Authors: JY Kim, DJ Kim,H Kim, JC Lee, YJ Lee

Objective: The aim of this study is to design an overall physical interface such as shape design, icons, and UI function of a filter-less air purifier with dust-collecting technology. Background: As a result of market research for the product, existing air purifier has not been able to solve the disadvantage of complexity of menu and noise and over-function. In addition, not only the function of the product but also the design has become an important factor of consumption. Method: This study was divided into research for the derivation of shape design concept and research for part of interior design. In the study for the design concept, we used the methodology based on the survey and quantification type 1 theory. For the interface design, we conducted icon preference test using the eye-tracker. Results: As a result of the quantification type 1 analysis, it was found that the rounded shape, top interface position, plastic texture, and penetrating shape of ventilation part were chosen to improve consumer’s feeling of healthy and fresh purifier. In the results of the eye-tracking experiment, the subjects selected the house and wave pattern icons with the air cleaning function, the LED on/off function icon selected, and the majority of participants selected the pest control icon. Conclusion: It is expected that Small and Medium enterprises would be able to improve their competitiveness by using UI/UX metrics.

Eye Tracking Glasses
Software

4 versions available